wiki- Jigane

Definition: Jigane refers to the softer iron or mild steel used as the base material in many traditional Japanese knives. It forms the body of the blade, supporting the harder cutting edge (hagane).
Details: In awase construction, jigane is forge-welded with hagane to create a composite blade. While the hard steel ensures sharpness and edge retention, the jigane provides flexibility and ease of maintenance. This balance between soft and hard materials is a hallmark of Japanese knife-making.
Comparison: Western knives are usually made from monosteel or three-layer stainless cladding. By contrast, traditional Japanese knives often feature jigane, which reduces weight and adds resilience. A honyaki knife, made from a single piece of steel, omits jigane entirely, making it harder but more brittle.
Practical Use: Jigane makes sharpening easier, as the softer material grinds down more readily than hard steel. It also absorbs impact, reducing the risk of chipping during tasks such as filleting or vegetable preparation. Professional chefs benefit from this balance, as knives remain sharp yet relatively easy to maintain.
Cultural Note: In high-end knives, jigane often displays kasumi (hazy) or wave-like patterns, which are not only functional but also aesthetic signatures of the blacksmith’s craft. The contrast between jigane and hagane symbolizes the duality of Japanese blades—strength paired with subtlety.

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